Glucophage Tablet (Metformin) – Merck
Metformin belongs to the class of medications called oral hypoglycemics, which are medications that lower blood sugar. It is used to control blood glucose (blood sugar) for people with type 2 diabetes. It is used when diet, exercise, and weight reduction have not been found to lower blood glucose well enough on their own.
Metformin works by reducing the amount of glucose made by the liver and by making it easier for glucose to enter into the tissues of the body. Metformin has been found to be especially useful in delaying problems associated with diabetes for overweight people with diabetes.
This medication may be available under multiple brand names and/or in several different forms. Any specific brand name of this medication may not be available in all of the forms or approved for all of the conditions discussed here. As well, some forms of this medication may not be used for all of the conditions discussed here.
Your doctor may have suggested this medication for conditions other than those listed in these drug information articles. If you have not discussed this with your doctor or are not sure why you are taking this medication, speak to your doctor. Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor.
Do not give this medication to anyone else, even if they have the same symptoms as you do. It can be harmful for people to take this medication if their doctor has not prescribed it.
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Decadron Inj. (Dexamethasone) – OBS
Dexamethasone injection is used to treat severe allergic reactions. It is used in the management of certain types of edema (fluid retention and swelling; excess fluid held in body tissues,) gastrointestinal disease, and certain types of arthritis. Dexamethasone injection is also used for diagnostic testing. Dexamethasone injection is also used to treat certain conditions that affect the blood, skin, eyes, thyroid, kidneys, lungs, and nervous system. It is sometimes used in combination with other medications to treat symptoms of low corticosteroid levels (lack of certain substances that are usually produced by the body and are needed for normal body functioning) and in the management of certain types of shock. Dexamethasone injection is in a class of medications called corticosteroids. It works to treat people with low levels of corticosteroids by replacing steroids that are normally produced naturally by the body. It also works to treat other conditions by reducing swelling and redness and by changing the way the immune system works.
Flagyl 400mg Tablet (Metronidazole) – Sanofi
Flagyl is indicated in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections in which anaerobic bacteria have been identified or are suspected to be the cause.
Flagyl is active against a wide range of pathogenic micro-organisms notably species of Bacteroides, Fusobacteria, Clostridia, Eubacteria, anaerobic cocci and Gardnerella vaginalis.
It is also active against Trichomonas, Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia and Balantidium coli.
Flagyl is indicated in adults and children for the following indications:
1. The prevention of post-operative infections due to anaerobic bacteria, particularly species of Bacteroides and anaerobic streptococci.
2. The treatment of septicaemia, bacteraemia, peritonitis, brain abscess, necrotising pneumonia, osteomyelitis, puerperal sepsis, pelvic abscess, pelvic cellulitis, and post-operative wound infections from which pathogenic anaerobes have been isolated.
3. Urogenital trichomoniasis in the female (trichomonal vaginitis) and in the male.
4. Bacterial vaginosis (also known as non-specific vaginitis, anaerobic vaginosis or Gardnerella vaginitis).
5. All forms of amoebiasis (intestinal and extra-intestinal disease and that of symptomless cyst passers).
6. Giardiasis.
7. Acute ulcerative gingivitis.
8. Anaerobically-infected leg ulcers and pressure sores.
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Kenacomb Cream – GSK
KENACOMB combines the potent corticosteroid triamcinolone acetonide with the antifungal antibiotic nystatin and the wide spectrum antibacterial activity of neomycin and gramicidin.
KENACOMB reduces inflammation, relieves pruritis and combats or prevents monilial and bacterial infections.
Pharmacokinetics
The extent of percutaneous absorption of topical corticosteroids is determined by many factors including the vehicle, the integrity of the epidermal barrier, and the use of occlusive dressings.
Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed from normal intact skin, inflammation and/or other disease processes in the skin increase percutaneous absorption.
Nystatin and gramicidin are not absorbed from intact skin or mucous membranes.
Neomycin can be absorbed through inflamed skin. Once absorbed, it is rapidly excreted unchanged through the kidneys. The half-life is approximately 2 to 3 hours.
Microbiology
Nystatin acts by binding to sterols in the cell membrane of susceptible species resulting in a change in membrane permeability and the subsequent leakage of intracellular components.
Nystatin exhibits no activity against bacteria, protozoa, or viruses.
Neomycin exerts its bacterial activity against a number of gram-negative organisms by inhibiting protein synthesis. It is not active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and resistant strains of gram-negative bacteria may develop.
Gramicidin exerts its antibacterial activity against many gram-positive organisms by altering cell membrane permeability.
INDICATIONS
KENACOMB is indicated for use in corticosteroid responsive dermatoses complicated or threatened by secondary monilial and/or bacterial infections, such as:
Atopic dermatitis
Seborrhoeic dermatitis
Lichen simplex chronicus
Psoriasis (particularly of the face and body folds)
Allergic contact dermatitis
KENACOMB CREAM permits use in moist intertrigenous areas.
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